Which route requires medications to be placed under the tongue?

The sublingual route requires medications to be placed under the tongue, allowing for rapid absorption into the bloodstream. This method takes advantage of the highly vascular nature of the sublingual area, meaning that the medication can quickly enter circulation without first passing through the digestive system or liver, where it might be metabolized. This is particularly useful for medications that require fast action or have low bioavailability when taken orally.

The other routes mentioned do not involve placing medication directly under the tongue. The buccal route refers to placing medication between the gum and cheek, allowing for absorption through the oral mucosa, but not specifically under the tongue. The transdermal route involves medication delivered through the skin, typically using patches for systemic effect. The oral route involves swallowing medication, which must undergo digestion and metabolism before entering the bloodstream. Thus, the sublingual route is distinct in its direct placement under the tongue for quick absorption.